The article reveals the content and conceptual foundations of strategic innovation development in the enterprise management system in modern conditions of toughening competition in domestic and foreign markets. The peculiarities of the innovative development strategies choice are estimated. Particular attention is paid to the stages of development and implementation of an innovative strategy, which allows you to structure the formation of an innovative strategy and highlight the necessary components of this process in accordance with the latest management development trends. The shortcomings in the management of innovation processes in the enterprise are analyzed. Problems that inhibit the organization’s modernization are analyzed. There are defined factors on which the choice of innovation strategy depends, in particular: market position of the enterprise, dynamics of its change, production and technical potential, products or services, the state of the economy, etc. It is suggested to improve the management of the enterprise in accordance with the modern concept of inclusive innovation. It was found that stratification of innovative development in the enterprise’s management system contributes to the formation of social partnership relations between society, government and business, which stimulates and activates their economic activity, motivates the efficient and rational use of existing potential or the adoption of managerial decisions in the search for additional opportunities to increase competitiveness. In addition, it is pointed out that the effective implementation of innovations provides competitive advantages, long-term profitability and high rates of development and is a major factor in economic growth of the country.